| 摘要: 本文探讨了在农业市场化改革背景下，农业要素市场化对农业面源污染的影响效应、作用机制以及环境规制在其中的调节作用。基于2004-2020年中国省级（不含港澳台、西藏）数据的研究结果表明 ：（1）农业要素市场化对面源污染呈现倒“U”型的动态演化特征；（2）机制分析表明，农业要素市场化通过种植结构效应、化学品投入效应和经营规模效应间接影响面源污染；具体而言，农业要素市场化对“非粮化率”和化肥投入强度存在倒“U”型影响，对人均经营规模的影响在市场化程度较高的后期显著为正；（3）环境规制在“非粮化率”和化肥投入强度的传导机制中具有显著的负向调节作用，对经营规模与面源污染之间的关系影响并不明显。因此，本文提出要进一步发挥市场化改革对农业污染治理的长效机制，立足农业面源污染治理“规模效应”“结构效应”和“投入品效应”的路径依赖，构建“政府－市场”双轨运行机制，以实现农业生态环境的改善和农业可持续发展。 |
| 关键词: 农业要素市场化 环境规制 种植结构 化学品投入 经营规模 农业面源污染 |
| 中图分类号:F323.22 |
| 基金项目:农业农村部和财政部项目“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-39-22). |
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| Effect of agricultural factor marketization on agricultural non-point source pollution:The regulatory role of environmental regulation |
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liumingyu1, xiaohaifeng2
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1.China Agricultural University;2.中国农业大学
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| Abstract: Abstract: This study explores possible ways to mitigate agricultural surface pollution from the perspective of source management in the context of market-oriented reforms in agriculture, which is pioneered in this study. Based on China’s provincial-level (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Tibet) panel data from 2004 to 2020, a dynamic panel model is constructed, and the differential generalized matrix estimation method is applied to explore the impact effect and trans-mission mechanism of agricultural factor marketization on non-point source pollution, and based on the theory of exter-nality, to further analyze whether there is a moderating role of environmental regulation in the transmission mechanism. The analysis of impact effects shows that 1) the marketization of agricultural factors presents an inverted “U”-shaped dynamic evolution characteristic of non-point source pollution, which increases first and then decreases; 2) the analysis of mechanism shows that the marketization of agricultural factors indirectly affects non-point source pollution through the effects of planting structure, chemical inputs and scale of operation; in particular, the effect of marketization of agricultural factors marketisation on the "non-food rate" and fertiliser input intensity is in an inverted "U" shape; and the effect on the per capita scale of operation has no significant effect in the early stage of marketization, and is significantly positive in the later stage of higher marketization; 3) envi-ronmental regulation has a significant negative moderating effect on the transmission mechanism of “non-food rate” and fertilizer input intensity, and there is no moderating effect in the transmission relationship between scale of operation and non-point source pollution. Therefore, this study suggests to further play the role of market-oriented reform on the long-term mechanism of agricultural surface pollution management, based on the path-dependence of “scale effect”, “structural effect” and “input effect” of agricultural surface pollution management, and the role of market-oriented reform on the long-term mechanism of agricultural non-piont source pollution management, based on the path-dependence of “scale effect”, “structural effect” and “input effect”. Based on the “scale effect”, “structural effect” and “input effect” of agricultural non-point source pollution management, this study suggests to further play the role of market-oriented reform on the long-term mechanism of agricultural surface pollution management, and to build a dual-track operation mechanism of “government-market” to realize the improvement of agro-ecological environment and sustainable agricultural devel-opment. |
| Keyword: Agricultural factors marketization Environmental regulation Planting structure Chemical input The scale of operation Agricultural non-point source pollution. |