| 摘要: 养殖场排放氨气及温室气体（NH3、N2O、CH4）末端处理技术近年来获得了国内外学者的广泛关注与持续研究，但不同畜种粪污管理各环节气体排放规律和阻控优先序尚不清楚，不同处理技术的处理效果、处理成本和适用场景尚不明确，缺乏多气体协同处理的技术体系。因此，本研究通过系统梳理已发表的文献，采用数据挖掘（data mining）的方法分析了猪、鸡、牛、羊四种畜种粪污管理圈舍环节、贮藏环节、液体粪污贮存环节和固体粪污堆肥环节的气体排放和优先序特征、总结了与气体排放相匹配的减排技术特点，梳理针对NH3、N2O、CH4减排的各种技术原理与减排效果，探讨了粪污管理过程各环节气体阻控的优先序及潜在技术途径，可以为养殖场外排尾气处理不同类型技术组合和设计提供支撑，以实现养殖场氨气及温室气体减排的目标。指出现有NH3、N2O、CH4末端处理技术的不足，展望了NH3、N2O、CH4末端协同处理技术的研究方向，旨在为养殖场外排尾气未来技术研发提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 养殖场外排气体 NH3 N2O CH4 末端处理技术 减排 |
| 中图分类号:X511、X713 |
| 基金项目:河北省重点研发计划项目(20327305D，20327301D)、中国科学院青年创新促进会(2021095)、河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队项目(HBCT2018120206) |
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| The mitigation technologies for organized emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gas from livestock farms |
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Li Si1, Zhang Xiaohang2, Wang Xuan1, Ma Lin1
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1.Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetic and Development Biology,Chinese Academy of Science;2.(1. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
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| Abstract: The end treatment technology for ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions (NH3, N2O, CH4) from livestock farms has received widespread attention and continuous research from scholars both domestically and internationally in recent years. However, the gas emission patterns and priorities of control in different livestock manure management stages are still unclear. A comprehensive comparation of treatment effects, costs, and applicable scenarios of different treatment technologies are uncertain, lacking a technical system for multi gas reduction. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the published literature and used data mining methods to analyze the gas emission characteristics, priority characteristics, emission reduction technologies, and application potential of the livestock house, storage, liquid manure storage, and solid manure composting processes of pig, chicken, cattle, and sheep manure management. The emission reduction technology characteristics that match the gas emissions priority were summarized. The emission reduction technologies for NH3, N2O, and CH4 were discussed. The various technical principles and potential effects of NH3, N2O, and CH4 emission reduction were discussed, and the priority and potential technical approaches for gas resistance control in various stages of manure pollution management process were explored. These works could provide support for the combination and design of different technologies for the treatment of tail gas discharged from livestock farms, in order to achieve the goal of reducing ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions. Pointing to the shortcomings of existing end treatment technologies, this study looks forward to the research direction of NH3, N2O, and CH4 end treatment technology, aiming to provide a basis for the design of tail gas treatment processes and future technology research and development in livestock farms. |
| Keyword: Gas emissions from livestock farms Ammonia Nitrous oxide Methane End treatment technology Emission reduction |