| 引用本文: | 刘晶淼,安顺清,廖荣伟,任三学,梁 宏. 玉米根系在土壤剖面中的分布研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2009, 17(3): 517-521 |
| LIU Jing-Miao,AN Shun-Qing,LIAO Rong-Wei,REN San-Xue,LIANG Hong. Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the root system of corn in a soil profile[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2009, 17(3): 517-521 |
| DOI： | 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00517 |
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| 摘要: 玉米根系在土壤剖面中的分布是准确量化植被与气候相互作用不可缺少的参数, 也是玉米生产科学管理和节水农业发展的重要科学依据。在中国气象科学研究院固城生态环境与农业气象实验站内的大型根系观测系统中, 采用地下室玻璃窗观测法和方形整段标本法, 观测了“屯玉46号”玉米的根深、根宽、根长和根重, 分析了玉米根长、根长密度、根重密度和根系粗度等在土壤剖面中的分布状况。结果表明, 玉米根长、根干重均随土壤深度的增加基本呈递减类型。吐丝期0～40 cm土层根长占整层根长51.5%, 0～80 cm土层占76.2%, 0～120 cm土层占90.5%。乳熟后期其分布趋势与吐丝期相似。玉米根系粗度随着土壤深度增加, 在上层呈减少分布型, 在下层呈增加分布型。乳熟后期, 玉米最大根深可达230 cm, 根长总量达8.288 km·m-2, 显示出该玉米品种有较发达的根系。通过玻璃窗观测的根深大于远离玻璃窗处的根深。 |
| 关键词: 玉米 根系分布 土壤剖面 根长 根密度 |
| 中图分类号: |
| 基金项目:科学仪器设备升级改造项目(2005JG100520)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项[GYHY(QX)200706030]和国家自然科学基金项目(40575057) |
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| Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the root system of corn in a soil profile |
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LIU Jing-Miao, AN Shun-Qing, LIAO Rong-Wei, REN San-Xue, LIANG Hong
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Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: The development of the root system of corn in soil profile is an indispensable parameter for the estimation of corn growth. The distribution of the root system can be used to evaluate the influence of climate on vegetative growth. This constitutes a creative scientific management and development system of water-saving agriculture. In the Gucheng Agro-meteorological Field Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, root length, root areal reach, root depth and root dry-weight of “Tunyu 46” corn were observed using clod sampling method and installed underground surface glazing. Observation data on the spatial and temporal distribution characters of the root system in the soil profile were then analyzed. The results show that root dry-weight and root length decrease with increasing soil depth. In spin silk period, root length in the 40 cm, 80 cm, and 120 cm soil layer is respectively 51.5%, 76.2% and 90.5% of total root length. Root length to total root length ratio in various soil layers is similar for both spin silk and late milk maturity periods. Root thickness decreases in upper soil layer and increases in lower soil layer with increasing soil depth. In the late milk maturity period, root depth may reach 230 cm, and total combined root length can reach 8.288 km·m-2. Clearly thus, root depth and the total root length of “Tunyu 46” are larger than those of other corn varieties. Root distribution characteristics show that the root system of “Tunyu 46” is a lot more developed and robust for defending drought. Based on data obtained from the installed glazing, root depth is much deeper than that observed far from the glazing. |
| Keyword: Corn, Root distribution, Soil profile, Root length, Root density |
